Discogram

WHY EMG AND NERVE CONDUCTION STUDIES ARE PERFORMED
EMGs will help a doctor determine the possible causes of a variety of muscle abnormalities. Symptoms that may cause a doctor to perform an EMG, usually accompanied by a Nerve Conduction Study, include:
 

• Weakness

• Chronic or acute pain

• Tingling and Numbness

• Cramping or Spasms

• Pain in certain limbs
   

The EMG and Nerve Conduction Studies will either rule out or pinpoint a problem or medical condition that may be occurring in the nerve paths along a patient’s muscles. These most commonly include:
 

• Peripheral nerve damage (arms and legs)

• Thoracic outlet syndrome

• Peripheral nerve disorders, such as carpal tunnel syndrome

• Muscular disorders, such as muscular dystrophy

• Disorders of motor neurons, such as sclerosis or polio

• Disorders in nerve roots, such as a herniated discs

• Inflammation of muscles

• Diseases of muscle nerve roots, such as myasthenia gravis

• Pinched nerves (radiculopathy) or nerve compression
   

EMG Procedure
An EMG test is usually performed by directly inserting an electrode needle into a muscle and recording electrical impulses. These impulses, transmitted by motor neurons, are used to control muscle relaxation and contraction. The patient may be asked to contract and relax muscles while the needles are inserted to promote the flow of the current.

Nerve Conduction Study Procedure
Nerve conduction studies are generally performed by applying electrodes to the skin. The first electrode generates an electrical current that travel down the nerves, while the second records the current’s progress. An EMG specialist can examine the data produced by the second electrode to chart any irregularities in the current’s path.

EMG Test Results
An EMG records electrical patterns as a graph, which your specialist can use to identify the cause of the abnormal neural activity and recommend a course of treatment. In most cases, the activity is the result of nerve or muscle dysfunction or weakened communication between the muscle and the nerve.

Nerve Conduction Study Results
Nerve conduction studies are used to determine the nerve conductive velocity (NCV): the speed with which an electric current travels through a nerve. While the nerve conductive velocity can differ among individuals, and even among nerves, a lower NCV usually suggests nerve damage.
A nerve conduction study can rule out the following conditions: radiculopathy (pinched nerves in the neck or back), peripheral neuropathy (as seen in diabetics), and peripheral nerve entrapments (such as carpal tunnel syndrome).